财报季频频暴雷,如何用期权“大赚一笔”?
谷歌第三季度财报不及预期,盘后股价大跌超6%,谷歌之后,Meta公布业绩后,盘后股价一度大跌超19%。
在科技股普遍“扑街”的情况下,2022年Q3财报季来袭,对于懂得利用衍生品工具的投资者来说,每次发布财报都是一次绝佳的赚钱机会。但机会永远不会缺席,期权就是狙击财报季投资机会的最好工具。今天就来聊聊如何在财报季利用期权工具多赚一些。
为什么期权在财报季时更好用?
一般公司财报发布后,股价都会有一个较大幅度的波动。而波动对于期权来说,本身就是价值,波动越大,期权上的投资机会也就越多。
另外,除了捕捉投资机会以外,还能抵御部分投资风险。如果正确使用期权,是能够以小资金放大财报前后波动的收益,又或者用来抵御一部分财报未达预期导致的正股下跌风险。
猜不对涨跌,也能用期权赚钱
以美股的特斯拉为例,如果特斯拉股价在财报前后发生剧烈波动,有没有一种相对偏保守的期权交易策略,不用猜对涨跌,也能在一定程度上降低买卖期权的风险。
有,这就是跨式期权策略。
买入跨式策略是指同时买入相同数量、相同标的、相同到期日、相同行权价格的看涨期权和看跌期权。该策略适用于正股价格波动非常大的股票,典型的是成长股、科技股。

以特斯拉期权为例,以8.6美元的价格,买入1张11月11日到期行权价为230美元的call,同时以16.05美元的价格,买入1张11月11日到期行权价为230美元的put。这,就是跨式期权组合操作。
买入跨式策略适用于预期标的价格会有大幅波动,但不确定波动方向的情形。
该策略只需付出有限的权利金,如果发生暴涨或暴跌,潜在收益可能巨大。当然该策略最大的风险是,如果波动不够大,将可能损失全部权利金(买入期权所花费的本金)。
买入跨式策略的盈亏平衡点有两个:
低盈亏平衡点等于行权价格减去总权利金,高盈亏平衡点等于行权价格加上总权利金。到期时,当标的价格低于低盈亏平衡点或标的价格高于高盈亏平衡点时,买入跨式策略才能盈利。
下跌盈亏平衡点:230-(8.6+16.05)=205.35,既股价下跌到205.35美元时,你的收益为0。上涨盈亏平衡点:230+(8.6+16.05)=254.65,既股价上涨至254.65时,你的收益为0。
当股价波动不够大,在205.35和254.65之间,投资者是亏损状态。而当股价跌破205.35美元和上涨突破254.65美元,投资者收益为正,开始盈利。
同理,与买入跨式期权相对应的是卖出跨式期权,也就是同时卖出相同数量、相同标的、相同到期日、相同行权价格的看涨期权和看跌期权。卖出跨式策略适用于预期标的价格不会出现大幅波动的情形(波动小)。
买入跨式策略最适合高波动情形
在美股科技股大幅度暴雷的当下,使用买入跨式策略正当其时。究竟是选择买入还是卖出跨式期权组合,需要投资者在时间价值和未来波动期望之间进行博弈。
总而言之,当投资者预计波动率上升时,买入执行价相同的看涨与看跌期权;当投资者预计波动率下降时,卖出执行价相同的看涨与看跌期权。
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